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• Official Name: Somalia
  
• Government Type: no permanent national government; transitional, parliamentary federal government
  
• Capital: Mogadishu
• Other Major Cities/Regions: Baidoa, Kismayo, Beledweyne, Somali Land, Punt Land
  
• Size: 637,657 sq km
  
• Climate: principally desert; northeast monsoon (December to February), moderate temperatures in north and hot in south; southwest monsoon (May to October), torrid in the north and hot in the south, irregular rainfall, hot and humid periods (tangambili) between monsoons
  
• Terrain: mostly flat to undulating plateau rising to hills in north
  
• Population: 9,118,000
  
• Ethnic Groups: Somali 85%, Bantu and other non-Somali 15% (including Arabs 30,000)
  
• Religion: Sunni Muslim
  
• Language: Somali (official), Arabic, Italian, English