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• Official Name: Republic of Mali
  
• Government Type: Republic
  
• Capital: Bamako
  
• Other Major Cities/Regions: Sikaso, Segou, Mopti, Gao, Kidal, Taoudenni
  
• Size: 1.24 million sq km
• Climate: subtropical to arid; hot and dry (February to June); rainy, humid, and mild (June to November); cool and dry (November to February)
  
• Terrain: mostly flat to rolling northern plains covered by sand; savanna in south, rugged hills in northeast
  
• Population: 11,995,000
  
• Ethnic Groups: Mande 50% (Bambara, Malinke, Soninke), Peul 17%, Voltaic 12%, Songhai 6%, Tuareg and Moor 10%, other 5%
  
• Religion: Muslim 90%, Christian 1%, indigenous beliefs 9%
  
• Language: French (official), Bambara 80%, numerous African languages